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Private Limited Company (Pvt Ltd)

Incorporate Private Limited Company

Limited liability, higher credibility, ESOP-ready structure, and smoother fundraising. We draft, prepare, and file everything—while you focus on building.

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CA-Reviewed Fast Turnaround Govt-Recognized Process
Overview

What is a Private Limited Company?

A separate legal entity registered under the Companies Act with limited liability protection to its shareholders, perpetual succession, and structured governance through the MoA/AoA and a Board of Directors.

Separate Legal Entity

Assets & liabilities are distinct from shareholders/directors.

Limited Liability

Members’ liability limited to unpaid amount on shares held by them.

Governed by Law

Companies Act, Rules, and MCA/ROC notifications define formation & compliance.

Timeline

How long does it take?

Indicative sequence—actual timelines vary by ROC workload and responses.

Day 0–2 · KYC & Drafting

Collect KYC; draft objects; choose capital & share split.

Start
Day 1–5 · DSC & Name

DSC procurement; name reservation with object line.

Fast
Day 3–7 · SPICe+ Filing

SPICe+ A/B, MoA/AoA prep & filing; respond to queries.

File
Varies · ROC Approval

COI issued with PAN/TAN once approved.

Approved
Post-COI · Post-incorporation

Open bank A/c, issue share certificates, appoint auditor.

Action
Day Step What happens Status
0–2 KYC & Drafting Collect KYC; draft objects; choose capital & share split. Start
1–5 DSC & Name DSC procurement; name reservation with object line. Fast
3–7 SPICe+ Filing SPICe+ A/B, MoA/AoA prep & filing; respond to queries. File
Varies ROC Approval COI issued with PAN/TAN once approved. Approved
Post-COI Post-incorporation Open bank A/c, issue share certificates, appoint auditor. Action
Eligibility

Minimum requirements

Basic thresholds to incorporate a Private Limited Company in India.

Promoters & governance
  • Minimum 2 shareholders (up to 200)
  • Minimum 2 directors (one may be a shareholder)
  • At least 1 resident director (≥182 days)
  • No minimum paid-up capital mandated
Name & office
  • Unique name (not identical/too similar to existing names or trademarks)
  • Valid registered office with proofs
  • Lawful objects stated in MoA
Documents

Checklist to get started

Have clear scans; keep consistency across KYC and address proofs.

For Directors/Shareholders
  • PAN (Indians) / Passport (foreign nationals)
  • Address proof: Aadhaar/Voter ID/Driving License/Passport
  • Recent bank/utility bill (≤3 months)
  • Photograph & specimen signature
  • Director consent + DIN/DSC support docs
For Registered Office
  • Latest utility bill/Property tax receipt
  • Rent agreement/Ownership proof
  • Owner’s NOC for using premises
Additional docs may be asked by bank/MCA based on the case.
Name

Choosing the right name

Follow naming rules to reduce resubmissions and delays.

Distinct & lawful

Avoid identical/similar names to existing companies/LLPs or registered trademarks.

Activity indicative

Include a word that fairly describes the company’s main objects.

Words needing approval

Terms like “Bank”, “Stock Exchange” need prior regulator/MCA approvals.

Compliances

Post-incorporation & Annual compliances

Stay compliant to avoid penalties and preserve credibility.

Immediately after incorporation
  • Open current account; deposit share capital
  • Appoint first auditor within statutory timeline
  • Issue share certificates to subscribers
  • Maintain statutory registers & minutes
  • Apply for GST (if applicable); MSME/Udyam (optional)
Annual & periodic
  • Board meetings, AGM, and minutes maintenance
  • Financials, Statutory audit & Company ITR
  • ROC annual filings (AOC-4, MGT-7)
  • TDS/GST returns, PF/ESI (if applicable)
Event-based filings (illustrative)
Director appointment/change Share allotment/transfer Registered office shift Amend MoA/AoA Charge creation/satisfaction

Timely filing avoids additional fees and penalties.

When What Details Flag
Post-COI Initial actions Open current A/c, issue share certificates, appoint auditor, statutory registers. Start
Quarterly Board meetings Hold and minute as per Companies Act requirements. Governance
Annually Financials & Audit Prepare financial statements; statutory audit; ITR. Due
Annually ROC filings AOC-4 & MGT-7 (as applicable) within timelines. File
Event-based ROC updates Director change, share allotment/transfer, office shift, etc. Event
Taxation snapshot
  • Corporate tax per prevailing slab; MAT may apply
  • Dividends taxable in shareholders’ hands
  • TDS/TCS/GST compliance where applicable
Share Capital & ESOP basics
  • Decide authorized vs paid-up; maintain registers
  • ESOPs require board/shareholder approvals & accounting
  • Cap table hygiene helps in diligence & fundraising
Bank A/c & capital deposit

Open the current account post-COI and deposit subscription money as per share allocation.

  • Keep bank advice and board resolutions on record
  • KYC consistency avoids delays
Conversion / Closure (overview)
  • Conversion to LLP/Section 8 requires approvals
  • Strike-off or voluntary liquidation follows due process
FAQ

Common questions

Clear answers to help you decide confidently.

Typically a few working days to a couple of weeks based on name approval, document quality, and ROC workload. Prompt responses to MCA queries shorten timelines.

Yes. At least one director should have stayed in India for not less than 182 days during the immediately preceding calendar year (resident director requirement).

You need a registered office in India (owned/leased) with proof and the owner’s NOC. Virtual office options may be acceptable subject to local ROC practice and documentation standards.

Open current account, appoint auditor, issue share certificates, maintain statutory registers/minutes, and file periodic ROC/ITD returns. Obtain GST if required based on turnover/activity.

No statutory minimum paid-up capital is mandated; however, a practical capital is advisable to meet initial expenses and demonstrate substance to banks and stakeholders.

A Pvt Ltd is generally preferred for equity funding and ESOPs; LLPs offer operational flexibility and pass-through taxation in some scenarios. Use the “Compare with LLP” button above for a deeper dive.
This page provides general information only and does not constitute legal advice. Rules, forms, and timelines may change based on MCA/ROC notifications.
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